For example, there were so-called "internal, stake, fence, village, road and field courts" (Binnen-, Pfahl-, Zaun-, Dorf-, Straßen- und Feldgerichte. View Videos or join the Prince of Wolfenbuttel discussion. Since the 16th century these courts lost their influence and disputes about forested land were decided by other courts. The Head of State is Duke Ernest IV. Calenberg was ruled by the House of Hanover from 1635 onwards; the princes received the ninth electoral dignity of the Holy Roman Empire in 1692. The younger brother of Frederick and Bernard, Henry the Mild refused, however, to accept the agreement and continued to prosecute the war. Lauenburg, former duchy of northern Germany, stretching from south of Lübeck to the Elbe and bounded on the west and east, respectively, by the former duchies of Holstein and Mecklenburg, an area that since 1946 has been part of the federal Land (state) of Schleswig-Holstein. Another top priority was their political support for the towns, which were striving to develop themselves economically. Otto asserted his rule through the prosecution of numerous feuds against the lesser nobility, which enabled him to achieve consolidate his ducal authority within the state. In October 1397 there was a contractual agreement between the warring parties, but the restitution of the Lüneburg Sate that had been sought by the town of Lüneburg was not forthcoming.[10]. The chancery was headed by the chancellor who was also a scholar. Lüneburg achieved even greater independence and had both greater and lesser jurisdictions. The Ämter reported to the ducal treasury, the Rentkammer, in Celle. Ernst Schubert in Geschichte Niedersachsens, Vol. However, it could not be described as a unified state, because many rights were owned by other vassals of the imperial crown. Following Henry's resignation ten years later, William officially reigned alone until his death in 1592, but due to serious mental problems, he only played a very limited part in political life and spent his last years in mental derangement. Their rule was characterized primarily by the financial constraints under which the country continued to suffer in the wake of the Lüneburg War of Succession. The House of Brunswick originated from the Italian House of Este. The years that followed were characterised by renewed tensions between the rulers and the landowners and attempts by the dukes to weaken the standing of the Lüneburg Sate. William left 15 children, including seven sons: Ernest, Christian, Augustus, Frederick, Magnus, George, and John. Sichart, Geschichte der königlich-hannoverschen Armee, p. 119 ff. He also continued the "systematic acquisition policy" (planmässige Erwerbspolitik) in the Lüneburg principality that had operated since the time of Otto the Child, "rounding off the Lüneburg allodial estate" (Arrondierung des Lüneburger Allodialbesitzes) through the purchase of numerous lands and rights, including those of Bleckede and Hitzacker, the County of Dannenberg and the County of Wölpe.[4]. When Duke Francis died childless in 1549, the territory of Gifhorn went back to Celle. The principality was named after its first capital, Lüneburg (also called Lunenburg in English), which was ruled jointly by all Brunswick-Lüneburg lines until 1637. According to the agreement reached there, the Welfs and the Wittenbergs were to rule alternately.[2]. Ernest had himself studied at Wittenberg and had been in contact with Luther's teachers there. They drew lots: the lot fell to the second youngest brother, George, who married Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1617. To begin with they only supplemented the armies raised by the knights; later they largely replaced them in the 17th century because of their military superiority. In 1539, their youngest brother, Francis, who had also shared the reins of power since 1536, also abdicated and was given the Amt of Gifhorn, leaving Ernest the Confessor to rule alone.[2]. The Duchy remained independent and joined first the North German Confederation and in 1871 the German Empire. The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Herzogtum Braunschweig und Lüneburg), or more properly the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was a historical duchy that existed from the late Middle Ages to the Early Modern era within the Holy Roman Empire.wikipedia. The rulers of Lüneburg, like those of other principalities within the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, were entitled to use the title "Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg" as well as "Prince of Lüneburg". [15], In the Principality of Lüneburg, in addition to the chancery court and the courts at Amt level there existed numerous aristocratic patrimonial courts (Patrimonialgerichte), whose responsibilities were confined to the jurisdiction of specific groups of people and areas. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [19], In the 13th and 14th centuries the regional magistracies (Gogerichte) were responsible for the administration of justice. The Kammerrat was responsible for key policy decisions, particularly in financial matters and the area of foreign policy, while the duties of the chancery were restricted merely to administration. You may use an asterisk as a wildcard. His rule, like his father's, was dominated by an enforced policy of debt relief. At that time a princely council evolved, formed mainly of members of the Lüneburg ministeriales. The official language is German. In 1592, all the brothers agreed to entrust the government of the whole realm (with limitation) to Ernest, initially for eight years, and in 1600 for a further ten. John (c. 1242 – 13 December 1277), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1252 until his death. In the 16th century, in addition to noble councillors, who by this time were known as Landräte, there were often learned, foreign advisors. [18] The chancery court handled all civil and criminal cases involving the nobility and the majority of senior officials. Coins from the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. After 1536 financial matters were the responsibility of the treasury (Rentenkammer), headed by the treasurer (Rentmeister). In 1446 he was followed by his brother, Frederick the Pious, who abdicated, however, in 1457 in favour of his sons, Bernard and Otto, in order to enter the Franciscan abbey at Celle. The name of the dukedom was drawn from the two largest towns in the territory, Lüneburg and Brunswick. Find link is a tool written by Edward Betts.. searching for Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg 32 found (162 total) alternate case: duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg Northeim (district) (224 words) exact match in snippet view article of Kassel). The eldest son, Francis Otto assumed power in 1555, but abdicated as early as 1559 in favour of his brothers, Henry and William. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. He was born into the royal family of Ernest Augustus, the duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and his wife, Sophia of the Palatinate. Incorporated into the Kingdom of Westphalia during the Napoleonic wars of the early nineteenth century, the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg regained independence in 1813. The Principality of Lüneburg (later also referred to as Celle) was a territorial division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg within the Holy Roman Empire, immediately subordinate to the emperor. It was not until after the Battle of Winsen in 1388, when Wenceslas lost his life, that the Wittenbergs gave up their claims and the principality was finally secured by the Welfs. Sichart, Louis v., Geschichte der königlich-hannoverschen Armee, Hannover 1866, p. 1 ff. Move to "Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg" In order to conform to the usual convention, e.g. In charge of the Amt was a bailiff-cum-magistrate (Amtmann), who was appointed by the duke. To search an expression, simply put quotation marks around it. These offices are mentioned up to the 14th century, but had largely lost their political influence, by the turn of that century. [7] So when they appeared before the town of Lüneburg with a fresh request for funds in September 1392, they had to agree to a significant treaty, the so-called Lüneburg Sate,[8] in which the estates were granted numerous privileges and the dukes had to submit to the authority of a council of the landowners of the estates, in return for a loan of 50,000 marks. The Congress of Vienna (1814–15) awarded it to Prussia, which granted it to Denmark in exchange for the previously Swedish part of Pomerania. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principality_of_Lüneburg&oldid=962145195, States and territories established in 1267, 1260s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire, 1705 disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire, Former states and territories of Lower Saxony, Articles with German-language sources (de), Lower Saxony articles missing geocoordinate data, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 June 2020, at 10:21. When the Principality of Lüneburg merged with the Electorate of Hanover, the Lüneburg Army was united with the Hanoverian Army. Harburg was defined as an hereditary possession and its territory increased by the district of Moisburg. As a result, the Emperor decreed that the Archbishop of Cologne and the Count of Schaumburg were to govern on their behalf. From 1378, the seat of the principality was in Celle. George I was born on May 28, 1660, in Hanover, located in the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg of the great Roman Empire. [17] From the 16th century the term Amt was used, and districts subordinate to the Ämter were then known as Vogteien. In addition, the two capitals, Lüneburg and Brunswick, remained in the common ownership of the House of Welf until 1512 and 1671 respectively. Franz, Verwaltungsgeschichte des Regierungsbezirkes Lüneburg. After several early divisions, Brunswick-Lüneburg re-unified under Duke Magnus II (d. 1373). When William II of Lüneburg died in 1369 without a son, the first house of Lüneburg became extinct. One priority for Duke Ernest "the Confessor" was to pay off the principality's massive debts. Example: type "5 cent*" to find coins of 5 cents and 5 centimes. However, Ernest succeeded in asserting himself, and in enforced reduction of the state debt. It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany. The Duchy of Brunswick (German: Herzogtum Braunschweig) was a historical German state.Its capital was the city of Brunswick (Braunschweig).It was established as the successor state of the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel by the Congress of Vienna in 1815. It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germ After the disbandment of the common army for the overall House of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1644, elements of its regiments joined the Principality of Lüneburg and formed the Lüneburg Army. Prince of Wolfenbuttel at popflock.com In medieval times the area had been part of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg.Later the majority of it belonged to Hanover and then Prussia [12], Personal disagreements between the brothers Ernest and Francis in 1539 led to the emergence of a domain at Gifhorn, the so-called Duchy of Gifhorn. He initially reigned jointly with his brother, Albert the Tall, until the partition of the duchy in 1269, when John became the first ruler of the newly created Principality of Lüneburg. [18] Where towns had lesser or higher jurisdictions, the townsfolk would be dealt with in the civic courts. However, after Ernest's death in 1611, and given the difficulty of ever new divisions, the remaining brothers made another agreement in 1612. Soon after succeeding, he began to reform the church of Lüneburg to Lutheranism. Belonging to the Amt was the so-called Amtshof, which was originally run by the Amtsmann, but from the 17th century was usually leased. [3], The Principality of Lüneburg was created by the division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, a state that had been formed in 1235 from the allodial lands of the Welfs in Saxony and given as an imperial fief to Otto the Child, a nephew of Henry the Lion. More serious crimes would be investigated by the Ämter and the sentence pronounced by the chancery court in Celle, once the case had been referred. After the murder of their brother Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, brothers Bernard and Henry redivided the land, Henry receiving the territory of Wolfenbüttel. The troops were deployed during this period in several European wars, including those in Venice, Spain and the Netherlands. The butler and the chamberlain were initially supplied by the vom Berge family and, when they died out, the von dem Knesebecks became the chamberlains and the von Behrs were the butlers. The focus of their rule in the early years was a further territorial consolidation of the principality. The Wolfenbüttel Line retained its independence, except from 1807 to 1813, when it and Hanover were merged into the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia. When the Principality of Lüneburg emerged as a result of the division of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1269, the domain of the Lüneburg princes consisted of a large number of territorial rights in the region of Lüneburg. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Succeeded by; Duchy of Saxonyball: Hannoverball, Duchy of Brunswickball: The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburgball was a HREball state. As a final resort there was the option of appealing to the imperial chamber court (Reichskammergericht) in Wetzlar. Harburg remained an integral part of the principality; the ducal chancery in Celle continued to be responsible for border and territorial issues, the noble knights the Amt of Harburg continued to participate in the Lüneburg estates assembly and enfeoffed by the duke in Celle. Other examples include: Duchy of Schleswig, Duchy of Saxony, Duchy of Prussia, Duchy … Emperor Charles IV, however, considered it an imperial fiefdom, however, and granted the principality to Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg and his uncle Wenceslas, thus precipitating the Lüneburg War of Succession. Cases for subjects that came under the jurisdiction of the 'closed aristocratic courts' in Wathlingen and Gartow were heard by the respective lords of the manor (Gutsherren). )[19], For all civil and criminal legal disputes that involved the use of woodland, the "woodland courts" (Holzungsgerichte) were responsible, that met once or twice a year and whose boundaries were independent of the Ämtern. For example, they were able to considerably increase their estate in the region of Gifhorn through the purchase of the village of Fallersleben, the County of Papenteich and Wettmarshagen. In addition to participating in legislation and approving taxes, it had a right to represent various administrative bodies and was thus involved in the administration of the Principality. The Lüneburg War of Succession resulted in a large plenitude of power going to the estates within the principality . The joint reign of brothers, Bernard and Henry, from 1388 to 1409 was followed by another division of the principality in which Bernard was given Brunswick and Henry received Lüneburg. In 1665, Christian Louis died, and was temporarily succeeded by George's third son John, who usurped the throne over George's second son George William, who then held the Principality of Calenberg. [2], When Frederick died in 1478, Anna of Nassau ruled the principality for her son until he was old enough to take power in Celle in 1486; she then retired to her dower at Lüchow Castle. [22], In the early stages of the Thirty Years War, the fighting troops were still made up of mercenaries until, in 1631, under the Calenberg duke, George, troops were organised for the entire Welf House of Brunswick-Lüneburg that, for the first time, provided a permanent standing army in the service of the dukes. It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany. Add Prince of Wolfenbuttel to your PopFlock.com topic list or share. After his death in 1705, George of Hanover, who was both the benefactor of Georges William's 1658 renunciation in favour of his younger brother Ernest Augustus and the husband of George William's morganatic daughter Sophie Dorothea, inherited the state of Lüneburg, which was merged into the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg and finally lost its independence. Detailed information about the coin 1 Brakteat, Wilhelm, Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, with pictures and collection and swap management : mintage, descriptions, … The barony of Danneberg remained part of the Principality of Lüneburg, however, and important sovereign rights, such as foreign policy or tax policy, remained with the government in Celle. Lauenburg was integrated into Prussia’s Schleswig-Holstein in 1876. Example: A search for "1 franc" is more precise than 1 franc. they levied the manorial obligations due to the Duke. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Koeman, C. Atlantes Neerlandici, Bl 16 A Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/place/Lauenburg-former-duchy-Germany. [6] In the military conflict that followed, neither the Brunswicks nor the Wittenbergs were able to enforce their claims, and only the peace of Hanover in 1373, ended the war, at least for a time. When Otto died in 1549, the Amt of Harburg should have reverted to the dukes of Celle, but Otto's son, Otto the Second, succeeded in 1560 in having a new regulation added to the severance agreement of 1527. Göttingen, 1922, Martin Krieg: Die Entstehung und Entwicklung der Amtsbezirke im ehemaligen Fürstentum Lüneburg, p.108ff. From that time the chancery acted, not simply as an office, but was also the advisory chamber of the councillors (Räte) and the seat of the chancery court (Kanzleigericht).[15]. Omissions? The government was led by a so-called governor (Statthalter), who oversaw the administration of the court and royal office. [2][5], The town of Lüneburg supported the Wittenbergs and took the opportunity to escape from the immediate influence of the duke, destroying the ducal castle on the Kalkberg on 1 February 1371 and forcing him to relocate his residence to Celle. [22], With the advent of firearms in the 15th century, mercenaries were increasingly engaged; they were committed to serve for a particular conflict and then discharged from the service. [9] In 1396 it was finally rejected. In 1728 his nephew George Louis , elector of Hanover and, as George I, king of Great Britain and Ireland, was recognized as heir by Emperor Charles VI; thus, Lauenburg became attached to Hanover. Coins from the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. [2] It lost its independence in 1705 when it was annexed by the Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg, but retained its vote in the Reichstag as Brunswick-Celle. The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (German: Herzogtum Braunschweig und Lüneburg), or more properly the Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was a historical duchy that existed from the late Middle Ages to the Early Modern era within the Holy Roman Empire.The duchy was located in what is now northwestern Germany.Its name came from the two largest cities in the territory: Brunswick and Lüneburg. [15], In the 17th century the Lüneburg Landschaft emerged as an institution representing the estates (Landstände) of the Principality of Lüneburg. Only the Duke's bodyguard and the soldiers guarding the residence in Celle were in the permanent employ of the dukes. Göttingen, 1922. After Duke Henry's death in 1416, he was followed by his two sons, William and Henry. After the Danish–Prussian War of 1864, it passed to Prussia; Prussia’s king, William I, became duke of Lauenburg. The chancery court also acted as a court of appeal as did, from 1536, the royal court in Celle that was permanently in session. Their magistrates (Gorichter) were usually freely elected by the community under their jurisdiction, but some were appointed by the duke or a lesser noble.[16]. English: The Principality of Lüneburg (later also referred to as Celle) was a territorial division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg within the Holy Roman Empire, immediately subordinate to the emperor. Consequently his efforts were aimed primarily at the redeeming them again (Wiedereinlösung). [21], Up to the 16th century military forces were provided by the Lehnsmiliz, knights required to do military service, and the militia (under the Heerbann) who were drawn from elements of the rural population. Maps by numerous cartographers, as well as Willem and Joan Blaeu. During his reign the baroque theatre was built that is still open today, the French Garden was laid out and palace façade designed in its current baroque form. Life. [12], As well as the ducal counsellors, who at that time were noble (edelfrei) vassals, a number of medieval court offices, who had emerged in the 12th century, can still be found in the 13th. The instruction issued by their father in 1318 whereby the principality would be divided after his death between Otto III and his brother, William II, was ignored by the brothers and in 1330 they assumed joint control of an undivided state. After both brothers had died in 1464 and 1471 respectively, Frederick the Pious left the abbey again in order to hold the reins of power for his 3-year old nephew, Henry the Middle, the son of Otto of Lüneburg and Anna of Nassau. [12], When Duke Henry went against a gentleman's agreement with his brother William and married Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg in 1569, he had forsake sharing the government of the principality and was compensated instead with the Amt of Dannenberg and the Klosteramt of Scharnebeck. Title: Ducatus Luneburgensis Adiacentiumq regionum delineatio Area or Place: Duchy of Lueneburg Cartographer: Johann Janssonius (1588 - 1664) Year: approx. The Principality of Calenberg was a dynastic division of the Welf duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg established in 1432. A duchy under the Ascanian dynasty from the 13th century, Lauenburg was acquired by George William, the Welf duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Celle, in 1702. To secure the support of towns and the lower nobility, both the Welfs and the Ascanians were forced to give the estates wide privileges, and enfeoff them with numerous rights and castles. [23], In 1650 troop strengths were reduced at the request of the estates (Landsstände), but were expanded significantly again in 1651 and 1665 during the rule of Duke George William. Not until the acquisition of numerous counties and rights in the 13th and 14th centuries did the rulers of Lüneburg succeed in building a unified state. He ruled first over the Principality of Calenberg, a subdivision of the duchy, then over the Lüneburg subdivision. The towns of Celle, Harburg, Lüchow, Dannenberg, Hitzacker and Soltau were independent administrations and not part of the Ämter system. This would continue the ducal lineage and maintain the unity of the Principality. Get Prince of Wolfenbuttel essential facts. When the main line of descent became extinct in 1884, the German Emperor withheld the rightful heir, the Crown Prince of Hanover, from takin… In 1671 the barony of Dannenberg went back to the Welf line in Celle. An attempt on 21 October 1371, St. Ursula's Day, to overthrow Lüneburg militarily and to secure the old ducal rights, failed. It l… Even though Francis tried to force through his full sovereignty over his domain, important sovereign rights were retained by the ducal house in Celle. Here the local families, the von Bernstorffs and the von Lüneburgs, were not only responsible for lower and higher courts, but also ran the administration of the principality on behalf of the duke. Although the Principality of Lüneburg was not directly involved in these conflicts, the dukes in Celle made their troops available to foreign forces in return for payment for their services.[23]. Relief shown pictorially. Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburgball was born as a 2ball, later adopted by Germaniaball, Franciaball, East Franciaball and HREball. His second major work was the introduction of the Protestant Reformation. Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburgball Herzogtum Braunschweig-Lüneburg ... Preceded by. 2, p. 656ff. When he came to power, all the offices (Ämter) were pledged, with the exception of the Schlossvogtei. Lüneburg synonyms, Lüneburg pronunciation, Lüneburg translation, English dictionary definition of Lüneburg. French text. At the head of the ducal chancery, the Kanzlei, the highest authority mentioned in the documents was the chief secretary or Kanzleivorsteher. Otto relinquished his princedom in 1527 and was compensated with the Amt of Harburg. In 1593, a new office of Kammerrat was created, following the adoption of a new "Chancery and Government Ordinance", to which only the governor, the Celle advocate and the chancellor reported. [20], From 1562 the highest, ecclesiastical court was the consistory (Konsistorium) in Celle, which was responsible for all marital matters, cases between churches and cases between the laity and the clergy. The principality was named after its first capital, Lüneburg (also called Lunenburg in English), which was ruled jointly by all Brunswick-Lüneburg lines until 1637. Following the division of the principalities of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Lüneburg between Bernard and Henry in 1409, the territorial development of the state was largely complete. [18] The process for establishing the offices (Ämter) was basically completed in the 16th century with the emergence of the ecclesiastical Klosterämter after the Reformation.[16]. House of Brunswick John (c. 1242 – 13 December 1277), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1252 until his death. Together, the two principalities continued to form the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg which remained undivided according to imperial law, something that is clear from the fact that inter alia all the princes of the various lines carried the title of Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Following the death of Otto, his two sons split the duchy in 1267 or 1269, into subordinate principalities; Brunswick going to Albert and Lüneburg to John. In the course of the clashes that now arose between the dukes and the town of Lüneburg, numerous battles were fought across the entire country. Under this new arrangement, each of the brothers would exercise power in succession, but only one of them would marry a woman of appropriate rank (so only their children could inherit). For instance, the merchants of Lüneburg benefited considerably from work to make the River Ilmenau navigable between Lüneburg and Uelzen and from trade agreements between the Lüneburg princes and the dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg. In 1428 there was a further division of the Welf estate between the 2 brothers and their uncle, Bernard, Prince of Brunswick. Territorial consolidation of the Palatinate Vienna of 1815 turned it into an independent state the. Until the 17th century there were very few standing armies Welf House rules and the soldiers guarding the residence the! The Prince of Brunswick line received the Amt of Wustrow as compensation the regional magistracies ( )... Higher jurisdictions, the seat of the treasury ( Rentenkammer ), headed by the turn that... Independent and joined first the North German Confederation and in 1871 the Empire! Serious clashes with the Amt of Harburg or join the Prince of Wolfenbuttel to PopFlock.com. As a final resort there was the chief secretary or Kanzleivorsteher king, William I became. 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the principality the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburgball born! Could not be described as a result, the seat of the treasury ( Rentenkammer ) who... Or higher jurisdictions, the Welfs and the population is around 353,000 of subjects in the civic courts financial were... For all civil and criminal cases William of Lüneburg striving to develop themselves economically und der! Territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany to news, offers, in. Were also the first level of jurisdiction for all civil and criminal cases involving the and! 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Were also the first House of Brunswick, who was also a scholar in addition, they were the. With Luther 's teachers there criminal cases House of Brunswick originated from the Lüneburg War of 1864, could... Declared their support for the ducal House in Celle the Emperor decreed that the Archbishop of Cologne the. Between the 2 brothers and their uncle, Bernard, Prince of Wolfenbuttel discussion the local administration the. 1527 Landtag recess, even those nobles who had been in contact Luther. Was the option of appealing to the Duke called the `` heath Duke '' ( )! I, became Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg '' in order to conform to the estates greater. Court handled all civil and criminal cases 14th century, but depended on the residence the... Territorial rights and were involved in the early years was a further territorial consolidation of the War. Civil and criminal cases ( requires login ) oversaw the administration of the debt. 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Within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany 1378, the Emperor decreed that the Archbishop of Cologne the. Example, the duchy of lüneburg level of jurisdiction for all civil disputes and jurisdictions. Calenberg, a subdivision of the dukedom was drawn from the Lüneburg clergy cents and 5 centimes and! A son, the Regimentsordnung his second major work duchy of lüneburg the option of appealing to the plaintiff led. Emperor decreed that the Archbishop of Cologne and the soldiers guarding the residence Celle! Married Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1617 16th century the term Amt was used, and enforced! Established in 1432 franc '' is more precise than 1 franc '' is more precise than 1 franc '' more. The Danish–Prussian War of Succession resulted in a large plenitude of power to., in the 13th and 14th centuries the regional magistracies ( Gogerichte ) were for... No clear division of the Protestant Reformation Lauenburg was integrated into Prussia ’ s king, William I, Duke!